Fluid Mechanics · Interactive

Bernoulli — Pipe Flow

Push fluid through a narrowing pipe — it speeds up and its pressure drops. The same volume per second must squeeze through the throat, so it accelerates; and where fluid moves faster, it pushes sideways less. The manometer tubes read the local pressure: watch the throat's tube sink.

Flow particles Manometer pressure Horizontal Venturi · same height throughout

Setup

Inlet radius r₁ 20 cm
Throat radius r₂ 9 cm
Inlet speed v₁ 1.5 m/s
Inlet pressure P₁ 120 kPa
7.4 m/s
Throat velocity v₂
1.5
v inlet (m/s)
7.4
v throat (m/s)
120
P inlet (kPa)
93
P throat (kPa)
A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ P + ½ρv² = const narrower → faster → lower P

Playback

Try this: shrink the throat and watch its speed rocket up while its manometer drops. Squeeze it enough and the throat pressure falls well below the inlet — that suction is the Venturi / aspirator effect used in carburettors and spray pumps.